Gas-washing machine.



W/H. CARRIER.

GAS WASHING MAOHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 7, 1907 973,626. Patented Oct. 25, 1910;

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Win/@6566.- I 17/062055)? W; CARRIER. GAS WASHING MACHINE.

APPLIOAJTIQVNZI'ILED DEG. 7, 1907.

Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

3 SHEETS-BHEET 2.

Wfiwsses:

iaz/M.

W. H. GARRIHR'. GAS WASHING MACHINE. APPLIUATION FILED DEC. 1, 1907. I

Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

E4 4. v I v 3 SHEBTS8HEET 3.

fiik/je sse: v 32 W "WILLIS it. panning, or scream,iaiintflrdangiissfiisrtin- IAHY,,..0F BUFFALO, new YQQI'Q.

oss-wasfimo macnntit To o'll whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VVILnIs H. CARRIER, a citizen of the UnitedStates,.residing at Buffalo, in the/county of Erie and State of'NewYorln'ha-ve invented a new and useful Improvement in Gas- WashingMachines, of which the following is a specification.

l?his invention relates to machines for washing or cleaning producer,blast furnace and other manufactured gases to remove the tar, dust andother impurities therefrom, and more mrticularb to gas washing niachinesof that sort coinprisil-ig a stationary casing and fans'or impellerswhich arerapidly rotated therein to cause the rotation of the gas andseparate the impurities therefrom hr centrifugal action.

The ob ects of the invention are to pro duce a combined centrifugal gasWasher or purifier and blower which will thoroughly cleanse the gasof-all tar and other impurities and at the same time create a sufficientdifference of 'n essure between the gas entering and leaving the machineto'twercoii'ie the resistance of the piping of the producer system aswell as the back pressure in the gas holder or delivery piping to theengines or other consumers; also to construct the machine so that thetar and other llliPtllltlesi-will be extracted from the gas throughthe-combined and-successive action of inrpact of the. gas against wettedsurfaces and centrifugal action through the rotation of the'gas;alsotheprorision of means for preventing tlie"leal-:agie and dischargeofimpure or partially cleansedgas Without n'eces- I sit ating closelyfitted-and machined joints between the rotary and stationary parts. of

the machine; also'toconstruct the-machine sothat it willbeself-cleansing and will not become clogged or fouled by. the condensedtar and other ixnpi'i'rities extracted from. the gas; also td'PIQYlClt-ithe machine with auto ina'tic means for maintaining a constant gaspressure in the delivery-mains regardless of the variationsiii-"pressure in the producer systemiandhinfl the amount, ofgasconsumed;

and t'oj provide-means for preventing the condensation of -the tar vaporin. the gas after leavihgth'e purifier.

In the-accompanying drawings, consisting of-three sheets Fig'.u.re lisalongitudinal sectionalelevation o'fe gas washing and purify-- ingmachine .ernbodying'the invention. Fig.

2 1s a transverse sectional elevation thereof,

Specification of Letters Patent. i I Application filed December 7, 1907;Serial No. 405,514.

second and third'Q-imp'e'llrs B *B are more neeted garound their-centralopenings .50 4 .,that the spaces between the blades of-these'impellers-[form continuous or uninterrupted the periphery of one to theperiphery tlieother. The three impellers.arecihus conemanates-11910.

.in line 22, Fig. 1. '3 isa' fiagmcm tarysectional plan therdfi in.line. H;J=Eig.' 2. Fig.- 4is a transverse sectionalelevation thereof, inline 4-4:, 1, butsnowi g the machine rov'ided Wit me s i oui-ms n latingthe discharge pressure; FigQ-fi a fragmentary section; showingrrmodified" construction of the baflle plates. "I

Like letters of referencereferto in the several figures. A represents; ashell or casing itone end with acent-ralgas intake tion a which iscoupled-to asupply from the gas producer or other sourcerof supply, andat the opposite-end .with a gential; discharge connection a-'which-=,is' coupled to a deliverymain, Theisllelliluisa transversepartition a -,dii[iding it into lerstor fans which are secured on s,drive shaft C journaled insuitable "anon the end-of the shell,0r=thecan-be mounted in-any other suiti1b le a y to rotate together inthe shell or In the construction shown, the-first and second impellers BB? are composed oin ment-ral circular .disk I) having'a hub on the.drive shaft, annular.side disks b' jt opposite sides thereof, andnumerous blades b; (seeFig; 2) arrangedbetweemg'gd connecting thecentral and. side-disks. The central holes in the. Side dis'ks formtively intake and discharge openings for first 'andseeond impellers BandfB. third impeller 13*, 'shown,' -consists-"ofitwo,

annular side disks b and radial blades rbi (see Fig. 4) which connect,said side disks and a. portion of Which-are connected, by spokes to ahub 'b 'secured.on.31.thedrire shaft 0. The adjacent. siderdisks of tiltgas passages through ,said impellers; innit tie --'can be properly.considered. as parts or sections of'-'a singlc compound impeller, butfor the sake of clearness they will be hereinafter referred to as thoughthey were separate or distinctparts. The impellers could ,be.constructed in any other suitable way. The disk I) separating the firstand second impellers B B extends beyond the outer ends of their bladesand side disks to divide the surrounding space in the shell into the'twoannular chambers A A before and extend comparatively close to the peofrotation ofthe gasin nozzles areproduce a hollow cone-like mentioned.The first and third impellers are of somewhat larger diameter than themiddlegone, to produce the proper movement 'ofthe "gas through themachine and create'a' pressure" in the last annular chamber A whichshall be equal to or slightly greater,- than the pressure in the secondchamber A I D represents a-circular spray head which is'located inthe'intake connection a of the shell'andwhich may be of any suitableconstructionadapted to thoroughly wet the gas entering the" machine.

E represents bafiie' plates inand crossing the .fi'r'st annular chamberA, or impact chamber, of the shellaround the first impellerT'BfQ Thesebafiies are preferably secured to the adjacent. end wall of the shellriphery of the first impeller B, and have lateral extensions projectingbet-ween the outer edge-of thecent ral disk '6 of the first and secondimpellers and the circular wall of the shell, but they do not join'thecircular wallof the shell, so that spaces are left. between their outeredges and said circular wallj'of the shell through which water cancirculate in the impact chamber. These baflle "plates can befarranged'radially, as shown in Fig.2, or curved, as shown at E in Fig. 5, toprovide conc'aved faces for the gas to impinge. against.

- F represents'sp'ray or atomizer nozzles arranged the second annularchamber, or spray chamber A periphery of the second impeller BThesepreferably of that sort which film of water and are -arrangedglsee,Fig. 2) to discharge the .water in a direction opposite to thedirection produced by the" impellers. The spray nozzles can connectwith'an annular water passage fin the end wall of the shell, as'shown,

where'it is'thoroug ly and umformly-wetted of-the she'll around the thespray chamber rounding chamber construction is such as to prevent any bythe water from the spray head D, into the central intake of the firstimpeller 13'.

This first impeller sets the wet gas in rapid rotation. and the heavierparticles of tar and other ii'npurities and moisture which are thrownout into the impact chamber A by centrifugal force violently impingeagainst the bafiic' plates E in said chamber. The effect of this actionis twofold. First, the plates are thoroughly wcttcd and the inipact-ofthe water against the plates at such high velocity fills the chambercompletely with an exceedingly line mist, thereby bringing the gas andwater into most intimate contact and. thus effecting the condensation ofthe tar vapors. Second, the tar and other impurities striking againstthe wetted sur-. faces are entrained with the water. and separated fromthe gas. From the impactchamber A the gas passes into the spray chamberA where it is again set in rotation through the action'of the secondrotating impeller B The gas in rotating in this chamber and the impactchamber A throws outward all particles of water, condensed tar andimpurities. The cone-shaped filmsof spray produced by the nozzles F inthis chamber further increase the separation. As the gas moves in adirection opposite to'the dis-.

charge of the sprays, it tends to spread or flatten out the conicalwater films so that they fill the entire cross section of the chamher,and all portions of the gas must im pinge upon these water films, whichresults 111 a very thorough cleansing action. The water separated fromthegas in the impact chamber and that fromthe spray in the spray chamberalso serves to flush out these chan'ibers. and as the water cancirculate through the spaces between the outer edges of the bafiies Eand the circular wall of the impact chamber both chambers are kept freefrom tar deposits. The water with the entrained tar and dirt is drainedfrom these chambers through the pipe G. From the spray chamber A the gasis forced to'pass inwardly through the second impeller B which furtherseparates the gas from ,the heavier particles of water and impurities,by centrifugal action and'dries the gas. As before stated, the connectedhollow impellers B 15" form continuous 'or uninterrupted passagesfor,t.he gas which are closed exce )t at the peripheries oftheim'pellers, andt e diameter of the last impeller B being some-.

what greater than t-hat of the secondi'mpeller B insures a pressure inthe sur- A which shall be as reater than the pressure The effect of thisof the imperfectly cleaned and dried gas from great 'or slightly in thespray cham r A.

leaking or escaping from the spray chamber outside of the impellers intothe pressure chamber A Owing'to the slight difierence Solid am s-m ih1-)resshre 'het\veen these chambers, there w ll she a slight leakage ofthe purifiedgas from tlie chamber A into the chamber A it w- -aromid'the outside.-\vall:s-f; the iimaellers 5. small pressures, and anyleakagein the opposite 'direction will "be prevented. It is notnecestherefore-to have machined surfaces to but this leakage :Wl-ll benegligibly .10 .pro nee esmall clearances between the impellets hell.required in machines using open 1mpellers,.and this results in a.Oflpower.-- The'iact that the tflmpelllle r-B" isoflarger diameter thanathe $EeQnd' =one-also assists in the nrodnction of pressure, thecombined e feetof the described'constrnct-ion is such as to give thefferencein pressure between the "j-gaseiitering and leaving the machineto '20; positively more the gasto the gas holder or consumer I In; fig".4,,themach'1n'e is shown provided .with means-for maintaining asubstantially constantlg-as pressure at the discharge end of themachine. -These means comprise a .-e'1 iceeds thegdesiredmaximum thegasometer bell Will-rise and-close thedamperH more or le ss, ;therebydecreasing. the pressure produced byv the machine, andthe decreasingpressure will allow 7 the gasonieter bell .to

40 again-descend .andopenthe damper. A

damper actuated by other suitable pressurefoperated; hanism-conld beemployed.

m' h nei constrncted as described will condensed tar with the other tiesfrom the gas, but Will-not eliminate the tar-which is in the .form of aperfc va por. ongas, and it is found. that such-;-'-tar -vaporwillcondense. after leaving the purifier;andzcanseftronble in cases where nthe as. isiusd' -'d1reotly. in. the gas engine.

Such condensation-with the consequent deposition.- of: the. tar .in theengine can be preventedby- -superheating the gas on leaving';thepurifienasilfliciently to raise the tem- 5 peratnre. of; thfliai? Vapor.above its dew pointi- To a eco' n'lyh -this -in the machine showntheendfwa I -at. the dischargeend of the machine andi the dischargespout or connection. are made: hollow or facketed, as inlQ-dioatedfat L1 respectively, and provided f with-finlefi and-{:outlet- .ipipes forcirculating th engi le' r-eishanst or other suitablefheat ing -medi'umjthroughf these jackets, tem nature-of the gas leaving the machine leftits; raised lsnfiieie itly;.toosuperliat th-e jOXVlIIg tO thesli ghtdifferencesin the forth,

3 central intake opening at one. end and a dis- The a tar vapor andprevent the condensation thereof. but the heatis localized at thedischarge end. of the nniclrinc and does"not prevent thecondensation.and separation of the far from the gas" in the impact" andspray chambers A and A? The gas could be thus supcrheatethas it lea vcsthe purifier or before it can be chilled sutlicic-ntly to condense thetar vapor, by any other suitable means.

I claim as my inyention l. The ctm'ibination of a shell having a centralintake opening at one end and a dis charge opening at the opposite end,a rotary impeller in said shell adjacent to said in take .o ening andl'iaving a central intake and a peripheral discharge for the a secondrotary impeller having a peripheral intake and a central discharge forthe gas, baflies arranged in said. shell around said. first impelleragainst "which the gas inrpinges. the annular space in said shellaroundsaid second impeller being unobstructed, and means for dischargingwaterinto the annular space in said shell around said second iinpl-dlcr.substantially as set 2. The combination of a shell having a chargeopening.- a rotary impeller in said shell adjacent to said intakeopening and having 'a' central intake and a peripheral discharge for thegas, a second rotary 'impeller having a peripheral intake'and a'ccntraldischarge for the gas, battles arranged in said shell around said firstimpeller against which the gas impinges. the annular space in said shellaround said second impeller being unobstructed, means for dischargingwaterinto the annular space in said shell around said second impeller,and a third rotary impeller having a central intake connecting with thedischarge of-said second impeller and a peripheral discharge,substantially as set forth. The combination ina gaswashing machine, of acircular shell-,a rotary impeller in said shell for causing the gast'o-rotate in the shell, and spray nozzles which. are arranged todischarge the Water into said. shell around said impeller in a directionopposite opposite tot-he direction of-rotation of the gas, substantiallyas set forth.- '5. The combination of a shell; having .a.-

central intake opening at onegendand a i'scharge opening at-jtheopposite end, a rotary &

impeller in said shell adjacent to said inlet opening and having acentral intake and a peripheral discharge for the gas, a second rotaryimpeller having a peripheral intake and a central discharge, a plateprojecting outwardly from the peripheries of said impellers and dividingthe surrounding annular space in the shell int-o two chambers whichcommunicate over the edge of said projecting plate, baflles in oneof'said chambers, means for spraying water into the other of saidchambers, and a third impeller which receives the gas centrally fromsaid second impeller and discharges it periph-T erally, substantially asset forth.

6. The combination in a gas washing machine, of a shell having twoannular peripheral chambers therein, two. hollow rotary impellers insaid shell communicating at their peripheries with said annular chambersand connecting centrally to form u'ninterrupted gas passages throughsaid im- .pellers from one chamber to the other, one

of said impellers being of larger diameter than the other, whereby thegas enters at the periphery of the smaller impeller and is discharged atthe periphery of the larger impeller and a greater pressure is producedin the annular chamber surrounding said larger impeller, substantiallyas set fortln 7. The combination in a gas washing ma- 'chine,'of arotary impeller having a central intake and a peripheral discharge forthe gas, a second rotary impeller having a peripheral intake and acentral discharge for the gas, and a third rotary impeller having acentral intake connecting with the dis charge of said second impellerand a pe ripheral discharge, said first and third impellers being oflarger diameter than said second impeller, and a shell surrounding saidimpellers and having an intake openstantially as set forth.

8. The combination in a gas washing ma chine, of a shell having gasintake and discharge openings, rotary impellers in said shell, a dampercontrolling said discharge opening, means operated by the pressure ofthe discharging gas, and connections between said means and said damperfor controlling the position thereof in accordance with the gaspressure, substantially as set forth. I

9. In a gas purifying machine, the combination of a casing, and meanslocated in said casing for purifyin the gas, means for keeping thegas'cool while being purified, a part of said casing through which thegas discharges after being purified having a jacketed wall for a heatingmedium whereby the discharging gas is heated to prevent condensationof-the tar vapor, the heating medium being confined to the vicinity ofthe discharge opening, substantially as set'fort-h. Witness my hand,this 4th day of December, 1907. WILLIS H. CARRIER.

Witnesses:

WM. L. Fox,

ELvANs K. NEWTON.

